Missouri Department of Conservation
Missouri Department of Conservation

Taxonomy

Common Name: SHINER, BLACKNOSE

Phylum: CHORDATA

Class: OSTEICHTHYES

Order: CYPRINIFORMES

Family: CYPRINIDAE

Genus: NOTROPIS

Species: HETEROLEPIS

Taxonomic Authority: EIGENMANN and EIGENMANN

Taxonomy References: 002

Status

NONGAME
STATE RANK S2
GLOBAL RANK G4

Status References: 003 , 008 , 016

Habitat Summary

"Inhabits pools and backwaters of permanent streams with clear water, dense vegetation, little or no current and bottoms of mud and organic debris."

Primary Habitat: "Aquatic - river/stream"

References: 008 , 009 , 010 , 011 , 001

Distribution

General Occurrence in State:

"Occurs in isolated, highly localized populations *001*."

County Occurance

County Occurence
Known Likely Unknown Not Likely Historic Extirpated
BENTON AUDRAIN ADAIR
CALLAWAY CEDAR ANDREW
CAMDEN COOPER ATCHISON
DADE DALLAS BARRY
HICKORY GASCONADE BARTON
MONTGOMERY GREENE BATES
PETTIS HENRY BOLLINGER
PHELPS LACLEDE BOONE
PULASKI LAWRENCE BUCHANAN
ST. CLAIR MARIES BUTLER
TEXAS MILLER CALDWELL
WRIGHT MORGAN CAPE GIRARDEAU
POLK CARROLL
WARREN CARTER
WEBSTER CASS
CHARITON
CHRISTIAN
CLARK
CLAY
CLINTON
COLE
CRAWFORD
DAVIESS
DEKALB
DENT
DOUGLAS
DUNKLIN
FRANKLIN
GENTRY
GRUNDY
HARRISON
HOLT
HOWARD
HOWELL
IRON
JACKSON
JASPER
JEFFERSON
JOHNSON
KNOX
LAFAYETTE
LEWIS
LINCOLN
LINN
LIVINGSTON
MACON
MADISON
MARION
MCDONALD
MERCER
MISSISSIPPI
MONITEAU
MONROE
NEW MADRID
NEWTON
NODAWAY
OREGON
OSAGE
OZARK
PEMISCOT
PERRY
PIKE
PLATTE
PUTNAM
RALLS
RANDOLPH
RAY
REYNOLDS
RIPLEY
SALINE
SCHUYLER
SCOTLAND
SCOTT
SHANNON
SHELBY
ST. CHARLES
ST. FRANCOIS
ST. LOUIS
STE. GENEVIEVE
STODDARD
STONE
SULLIVAN
TANEY
VERNON
WASHINGTON
WAYNE
WORTH

References for distribution: 006 , 007 , 008 , 013 , 001

Distribution by Watersheds

Osage R. from Headwaters to Warsaw, MO.
Sac R.
Pomme De Terre R.
Osage R. from Warsaw to Bagnell Dam
Gasconade R. from Headwaters to Big Piney R.
Big Piney R.
Gasconade R. from Big Piney R. to Mo. R.
Mo. R. from Little Chariton R. to Gasconade R.
Lamine R.
Mo. R. from Gasconade R. to Miss. R.

Comments: ""

Distribution by Ecoregions

Central Till Plains, Osage Plains, Ozark Highlands

Comments: ""

Distribution by Potential Natural Vegetation

Bluestem Prairie/Oak Hickory Forest
Oak-Hickory Forest
Oak-Hickory-Pine Forest

Distribution by Natural Divisions of Missouri

Glaciated Plains: Western
Glaciated Plains: Eastern
Ozark Border: Missouri River
Ozark Border: Mississippi River
Ozark: Springfield Plateau
Ozark: Upper Ozark
Ozark: St. Francois Mountains
Osage Plains

Habitat Associations

Species is associated with "Aquatic" habitats.

National Wetlands Inventory Association:

Riverine

Aquatic Associations:

"Riverine, lower perennial", "Aquatic bed, unknown submergent",
"Riverine, lower perennial", "Unconsolidated bottom, mud",
"Riverine, lower perennial", "Unconsolidated bottom, organic",

References for Aquatic Associations: 006 , 008 , 011 , 012 , 001

Habitat Types:

Permanent Stream

References for Habitat Types: 004

Terrestrial Natural Communities:

References for Terrestrial Natural Communities:

Food Habits

Trophic Level:

"Omnivore"

Larval Food Habits

Comments for larval food habits:
""

References for larval food habits:

Juvenile Food Habits

Comments for Juvenile Food Habits:
""

References Juvenile Food Habits

Adult Food Habits

Aquatic Insects; Not Specified
Crustaceans; Not Specified
Insects Insects; Not Specified

Comments for Adult Food Habits:
""

References Adult Food Habits 017

Niche Requirements

Egg Niche Requirements

References for egg niches requirements:

Feeding Larvae Niche Requirements

Turbidity: clear water
Turbidity: clear water, but tolerates periodic cloudiness
Bottom type: mud or silt
Bottom type: organic debris
Density of aquatic vegetation: dense
Current velocity: no noticable current
Current velocity: slow current
Water level: permanently flooded
Inland wetlands: permanent stream
Inland wetlands: backwaters
Natural features: pools

References for feeding larvae niche requirements: 011 , 012 , 001

Resting Larvae Niche Requirements

References for resting Larvae niche requirements: 011 , 012 , 001

Feeding Juvenile Niche Requirements

Turbidity: clear water
Turbidity: clear water, but tolerates periodic cloudiness
Bottom type: mud or silt
Bottom type: organic debris
Density of aquatic vegetation: dense
Current velocity: no noticable current
Current velocity: slow current
Water level: permanently flooded
Inland wetlands: permanent stream
Inland wetlands: backwaters
Natural features: pools

References for feeding juvenile niche requirements: 011 , 012 , 001

Resting Juvenile Niche Requirements

References for resting juvenile niche requirements:

Breeding Adult Niche Requirements

Elevation 501-1000'
Inland wetlands: permanent stream

References for feeding Adult niche requirements: 015 , 001

Feeding Adult Niche Requirements

Dissolved oxygen specified in comments(00020)
Turbidity: clear water
Turbidity: clear water, but tolerates periodic cloudiness
Bottom type: mud or silt
Bottom type: organic debris
Density of aquatic vegetation: dense
Current velocity: no noticable current
Current velocity: slow current
Water level: permanently flooded
Inland wetlands: permanent stream
Inland wetlands: backwaters
Stream order: first order stream
Stream order: second order stream
Stream order: third order stream
Stream order: fourth order stream
Stream order: fifth order stream
Stream order: sixth order stream
Stream order specified in comments(00260)
General habitat association specified in comments(00270)
Natural features: pools

References for feeding adult niche requirements: 007 , 010 , 011 , 012 , 015 , 001

Resting Adult Niche Requirements

Dissolved oxygen specified in comments(00020)
Turbidity: clear water
Turbidity: clear water, but tolerates periodic cloudiness
Bottom type: mud or silt
Bottom type: organic debris
Density of aquatic vegetation: dense
Current velocity: no noticable current
Current velocity: slow current
Water level: permanently flooded
Inland wetlands: permanent stream
Inland wetlands: backwaters
Stream order: first order stream
Stream order: second order stream
Stream order: third order stream
Stream order: fourth order stream
Stream order: fifth order stream
Stream order: sixth order stream
Stream order specified in comments(00260)
General habitat association specified in comments(00270)
Natural features: pools

References for resting adult niche requirements: 007 , 010 , 011 , 012 , 001

Niche Requirement Summary

Bottom type: mud or silt
Bottom type: organic debris
Current velocity: no noticable current
Current velocity: slow current
Density of aquatic vegetation: dense
Dissolved oxygen specified in comments(00020)
Elevation 501-1000'
General habitat association specified in comments(00270)
Inland wetlands: backwaters
Inland wetlands: permanent stream
Natural features: pools
Stream order specified in comments(00260)
Stream order: fifth order stream
Stream order: first order stream
Stream order: fourth order stream
Stream order: second order stream
Stream order: sixth order stream
Stream order: third order stream
Turbidity: clear water
Turbidity: clear water, but tolerates periodic cloudiness
Water level: permanently flooded

Comments about Life History:

Code Comment
034 Increased siltation is an important factor in declining abundance in mo. *01*
038 In central MO, attain length of about 0.8-1.5" by end of first summer *01*. In MI study, no individuals lived much beyond their second summer *18*.
005 Feeds on weed surfaces *09*and on the bottom *17*.
012 Spawning site information unavailable
040 Lives in schools in midwater.*01*

Life History Information

Limiting factors specified in comments(034)
Age and growth information specified in comments(038)
Schooling behavior specified in comments(040)
Origin in state: native
Seasonal distribution in state: all seasons
Foraging strategy: gleaning
Foraging sites: water
Foraging sites specified in comments(005)
Spawning site specified in comments(012)

Comments about Life History:

Code Comment
034 Increased siltation is an important factor in declining abundance in mo. *01*
038 In central MO, attain length of about 0.8-1.5" by end of first summer *01*. In MI study, no individuals lived much beyond their second summer *18*.
005 Feeds on weed surfaces *09*and on the bottom *17*.
012 Spawning site information unavailable
040 Lives in schools in midwater.*01*

References for life history: 009 , 017 , 018 , 001

Management

Beneficial Management Practices:

Water - control sedimentation

Beneficial Management References: 006 , 001

Adverse Managment Practices:

Water - dredging and filling
Water - navigational improvements (channelization, dams, locks)
Water - stream channelization
Water - drainage of wetlands, marshes, ponds, lakes

Adverse Management References: 006 , 001

Comments on Management:

References for Management Comments:

References

Reference Code Citation
001 Pflieger, W.L. 1997. The Fishes Of Missouri, Revised Edition. Mo Dept. Of Conservation. Jefferson City, Mo. 372 Pp.
002 Nelson, Joseph S., Edwin J. Crossman, Héctor Espinosa-Pérez, Lloyd T. Findley, Carter R. Gilbert, Robert N. Lea, and James D. Williams. 2004. Common And Scientific Names Of Fishes From The United States, Canada and Mexico (6th Ed.). Amer. Fish Soc. Spec. Publ. No. 29. 386 pp.
003 The Wildlife Code of Missouri. Missouri Department of Conservation, P.O. Box 180, Jefferson City, MO 65102. 573-751-4115.
004 Kelly, G. (Ed.) 1986. Animal Habitat Relations Handbook. Mo Dept. Of Conservation and U.S.D.A. Forest Service. Jefferson City, Mo. 293 Pp.
005 Thom, R.H. and J.H. Wilson. 1980 The Natural Divisions Of Missouri. Trans. Mo Acad. Sci. 14:9-24.
006 Unpb Pflieger, W.L. Mo Dept. Of Conservation, 1110 S. College Ave., Columbia, Mo 65201. (573-882-9880).
007 Unpb Pflieger, W.L. The Stream Resources Of Missouri. D-J Proj. F-1-R-28. Study S-20. Mo Dept. Conserv. 1110 S. College Ave. Columbia, Mo 65201. (573)882-9880.
008 The Checklist Of Rare And Endangered Species Of Missouri. 1991. Mo Dept. Of Conservation. Jefferson City, Mo. 44 Pp.
009 Werner, E.F., D.J. Hall, D.R. Laughlin, D.J. Wagner, L.A. Wilsmann, and F.C. Funk. 1977. Habitat Partitioning In A Freshwater Fish Community. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Can. 34(3):360-370.
010 Cooper, G.P. and G.N. Washburn. 1946. Relation Of Dissolved Oxygen To Winter Mortality Of Fish In Michigan Lakes. Trans. Amer. Fish. Soc. 76:23-33.
011 Cross, F.B. 1967. Handbook Of Fishes Of Kansas. Univ. Ks Mus. Nat. Hist. Misc. Publ. 45. 357 Pp.
012 Trautman, M.B. 1957. The Fishes Of Ohio. Ohio St. Univ. Press. 683pp
013 Unpb Missouri Department of Conservation Heritage Database. P.O. Box 180, Jefferson City, Mo 65102.
014 Pflieger, W.L. 1989. Aquatic Community Classification System For Missouri. Mo Dept. Of Conservation. Aquatic Series No. 19. 70 Pp + Supplement.
015 Unpb Pflieger, W.L. Collection Records. Mo Dept Of Conservation, 1110 College Ave., Columbia, Mo 65201. 573-882-9880.
016 Missouri Natural Heritage Program. 2004. Missouri Species and Communities of Conservation Concern Checklist. Missouri Department Of Conservation. Jefferson City, Missouri. 47 Pp.
017 Becker, G.C. 1983. Fishes Of Wisconsin. Univ. Of Wisconsin Press. Madison. 1052 Pp.
018 Emery, L. and D.C. Wallace. 1974. Age And Growth Of The Blacknose Shiner, Notropis Heterolepis Eigenmann And Eigenmann. Am. Midl. Nat. 91(1):242-243