Common Name: BAT, NORTHERN LONG-EARED
Phylum: CHORDATA
Class: MAMMALIA
Order: CHIROPTERA
Family: VESPERTILIONIDAE
Genus: MYOTIS
Species: SEPTENTRIONALIS
Taxonomic Authority: (TROUESSART)
Taxonomy References: 018 , 034 , 001
NONGAME
STATE RANK S1
GLOBAL RANK G4
Status References: 016 , 025 , 027 , 041 , 003
"Occur in deciduous upland or riparian forest. Use snags or den trees 9-36\" dbh with loose bark."
Primary Habitat: "Cave"
References: 002
"Occur statewide *01,02*."
Known | Likely | Unknown | Not Likely | Historic | Extirpated |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ADAIR | ANDREW | ||||
BARRY | ATCHISON | ||||
BARTON | AUDRAIN | ||||
BENTON | BATES | ||||
BOONE | BOLLINGER | ||||
CAMDEN | BUCHANAN | ||||
CARTER | BUTLER | ||||
CHRISTIAN | CALDWELL | ||||
CRAWFORD | CALLAWAY | ||||
FRANKLIN | CAPE GIRARDEAU | ||||
GRUNDY | CARROLL | ||||
IRON | CASS | ||||
JEFFERSON | CEDAR | ||||
LEWIS | CHARITON | ||||
LINN | CLARK | ||||
MERCER | CLAY | ||||
OREGON | CLINTON | ||||
OZARK | COLE | ||||
PHELPS | COOPER | ||||
PULASKI | DADE | ||||
SHANNON | DALLAS | ||||
STONE | DAVIESS | ||||
TANEY | DEKALB | ||||
TEXAS | DENT | ||||
WASHINGTON | DOUGLAS | ||||
WRIGHT | DUNKLIN | ||||
GASCONADE | |||||
GENTRY | |||||
GREENE | |||||
HARRISON | |||||
HENRY | |||||
HICKORY | |||||
HOLT | |||||
HOWARD | |||||
HOWELL | |||||
JACKSON | |||||
JASPER | |||||
JOHNSON | |||||
KNOX | |||||
LACLEDE | |||||
LAFAYETTE | |||||
LAWRENCE | |||||
LINCOLN | |||||
LIVINGSTON | |||||
MACON | |||||
MADISON | |||||
MARIES | |||||
MARION | |||||
MCDONALD | |||||
MILLER | |||||
MISSISSIPPI | |||||
MONITEAU | |||||
MONROE | |||||
MONTGOMERY | |||||
MORGAN | |||||
NEW MADRID | |||||
NEWTON | |||||
NODAWAY | |||||
OSAGE | |||||
PEMISCOT | |||||
PERRY | |||||
PETTIS | |||||
PIKE | |||||
PLATTE | |||||
POLK | |||||
PUTNAM | |||||
RALLS | |||||
RANDOLPH | |||||
RAY | |||||
REYNOLDS | |||||
RIPLEY | |||||
SALINE | |||||
SCHUYLER | |||||
SCOTLAND | |||||
SCOTT | |||||
SHELBY | |||||
ST. CHARLES | |||||
ST. CLAIR | |||||
ST. FRANCOIS | |||||
ST. LOUIS | |||||
STE. GENEVIEVE | |||||
STODDARD | |||||
SULLIVAN | |||||
VERNON | |||||
WARREN | |||||
WAYNE | |||||
WEBSTER | |||||
WORTH |
References for distribution: 007 , 014 , 015 , 017 , 019 , 024 , 031 , 032 , 033 , 001 , 002 , 040
Wyaconda R.
North Fabius R. and Middle Fabius R.
South Fabius R.
North Fork from Headwaters to South Fork
Miss. R. from St. Louis to River Aux Vases
Meramec R.
Bourbeuse R.
Big R.
St. Francis R. from Headwaters to Wappapello Dam
Thompson R.
Grand R. from Shoal Creek to MO. R.
Chariton R. from Headwaters to Shuteye Creek
Chariton R. from Shuteye Creek to Mo. R.
Little Chariton R.
Osage R. from Headwaters to Warsaw, MO.
Pomme De Terre R.
South Grand R.
Osage R. from Warsaw to Bagnell Dam
Niangua R.
Osage R. from Bagnell Dam to Mo. R.
Gasconade R. from Headwaters to Big Piney R.
Big Piney R.
Gasconade R. from Big Piney R. to Mo. R.
Mo. R. from Little Chariton R. to Gasconade R.
Lamine R.
Mo. R. from Gasconade R. to Miss. R.
White R. above Tablerock Dam
James R.
White R. below Tablerock Dam and Little North Fork White R.
Black R.
Current R.
Eleven Point R.
Spring R.
Indian Creek
Comments: "Likely to occur in units listed, based on county occurrence."
Central Till Plains, Ozark Highlands
Comments: ""
Bluestem Prairie/Oak Hickory Forest
Cedar Glades
Oak-Hickory Forest
Oak-Hickory-Pine Forest
Glaciated Plains: Western
Glaciated Plains: Grand River
Glaciated Plains: Eastern
Big Rivers
Big Rivers: Upper Missouri
Big Rivers: Lower Missouri
Big Rivers: Upper Mississippi
Big Rivers: Lower Mississippi
Ozark Border
Ozark Border: Missouri River
Ozark Border: Mississippi River
Ozark
Ozark: Springfield Plateau
Ozark: Upper Ozark
Ozark: St. Francois Mountains
Ozark: Elk River
Ozark: White River
Ozark: Lower Ozark
Mississippi Lowlands: Crowley's Ridge
Mississippi Lowlands: Lowlands
Osage Plains
Species is associated with "Terrestrial" habitats.
References for Aquatic Associations:
Mature Shortleaf Pine (open understory)
Shortleaf Pine Old Growth
Limestone Bluff and Cave
Wooded Riparian and Bottomland Hardwood
Mature Shortleaf Pine (dense understory)
Eastern Red Cedar (70% + crown closure)
Eastern Red Cedar (30-70% crown closure)
Immature Hardwoods (Poles/Saplings, 3-9" dbh)
Mature Oak-Hickory (9" + dbh, open understory)
Mature Oak-Hickory: (9" + dbh, dense understory)
Oak-Hickory Old Growth
References for Habitat Types: 004
Forest
Upland forest
Dry Forest
Dry-Mesic Forest
Mesic Forest
Upland Limestone/Dolomite Forest
Dry Limestone/Dolomite Forest
Dry-Mesic Limestone/Dolomite Forest
Mesic Limestone/Dolomite Forest
Upland Chert Forest
Dry Chert Forest
Dry-Mesic Chert Forest
Upland Sandstone Forest
Dry Sandstone Forest
Dry-Mesic Sandstone Forest
Mesic Sandstone Forest
Upland Igneous Forest
Dry Igneous Forest
Dry-Mesic Igneous Forest
Mesic Igneous Forest
Bottomland Forest
Dry-Mesic Bottomland Forest
Mesic Bottomland Forest
Wet-Mesic Bottomland Forest
Flatwoods
Caves
Effluent Cave
Influent Cave
Wet Pit Cave
Dry Pit Cave
Dry Cave
References for Terrestrial Natural Communities: 007 , 009 , 010 , 011 , 022 , 023 , 002 , 004
"Carnivore"
Comments for larval food habits:
""
References for larval food habits:
Comments for Juvenile Food Habits:
""
References Juvenile Food Habits 018
Homoptera (cicadas, hoppers, aphids, scale insects); Not Specified
Coleoptera (beetles); Not Specified
Lepidoptera (butterflies); Not Specified
Diptera (flies, midges, mosquitos, gnats); Not Specified
Hymenoptera (sawflies, ants, wasps, bees); Not Specified
Terrestrial Insects; Not Specified
Insects
Insects; Not Specified
Comments for Adult Food Habits:
""
References Adult Food Habits 007 , 006
References for egg niches requirements:
References for feeding larvae niche requirements:
References for resting Larvae niche requirements:
Inland wetlands specified in comments(00250)
General habitat association specified in comments(00270)
Natural features: hills
Natural features: ridges
References for feeding juvenile niche requirements: 007 , 008 , 009 , 002
Other niche requirements specified in comments(99999)
References for resting juvenile niche requirements: 007 , 010 , 011 , 012 , 013 , 002
Other niche requirements specified in comments(99999)
Natural features: upper 1/3 of slope
Natural features: ridges
Natural features: caves, dry
Natural features: caves, wet
Diseased/decaying trees or plants specified in comments(00470)
Tree cavities
Number of snags specified in comments(00500)
Snags specified in comments(00510)
Dbh of nest trees specified in comments(00590)
Human association: houses
Human association: barns/sheds
References for feeding Adult niche requirements: 018 , 022 , 026 , 030 , 002
Inland wetlands specified in comments(00250)
General habitat association specified in comments(00270)
Natural features: hills
Natural features: ridges
Successional stage specified in comments(00370)
Distance to suitable breeding area specified in comments(00450)
Canopy closure (%) specified in comments(00530)
Subcanopy closure specified in comments(00600)
References for feeding adult niche requirements: 007 , 008 , 009 , 026 , 029 , 002
Inland wetlands specified in comments(00250)
General habitat association specified in comments(00270)
Natural features: hills
Natural features: ridges
Successional stage specified in comments(00370)
Distance to suitable breeding area specified in comments(00450)
Canopy closure (%) specified in comments(00530)
Subcanopy closure specified in comments(00600)
References for resting adult niche requirements: 007 , 010 , 011 , 012 , 022 , 023 , 028 , 035 , 036 , 002
Canopy closure (%) specified in comments(00530)
Dbh of nest trees specified in comments(00590)
Diseased/decaying trees or plants specified in comments(00470)
Distance to suitable breeding area specified in comments(00450)
General habitat association specified in comments(00270)
Human association: barns/sheds
Human association: houses
Inland wetlands specified in comments(00250)
Natural features specified in comments(00280)
Natural features: caves, dry
Natural features: caves, wet
Natural features: hills
Natural features: middle 1/3 of slope
Natural features: ridges
Natural features: upper 1/3 of slope
Number of snags specified in comments(00500)
Other niche requirements specified in comments(99999)
Snags specified in comments(00510)
Subcanopy closure specified in comments(00600)
Successional stage specified in comments(00370)
Tree cavities
Code | Comment |
---|---|
030 | In MO, show a general decrease in activity throughout the night *039*. |
035 | Predators may include mink, raccoons, cats, rats, hawks, owls, and snakes *02*. Parasites may include mites, ticks, bat-bugs, parasitic flies, flukes, and tapeworms *02*. |
099 | Hibernate from October - March and exhibit loyalty to chosen cave *02,07*. Young born late May - June *02*, June 5 *14*. Maternity colonies usually small in number and separated from adult males *02,11*. Sperm stored in uterus until spring when fertilization takes place *10*. Begin foraging just after dusk and again just before dawn *10,15*. |
007 | Mate in the fall *02*. |
018 | 1 young per litter *02*. |
006 | In mo. Forage over and among tops of understory shrubs 1-3 m. Above ground *07,09*. |
011 | May locate maternity colonies under wood shingles or behind shutters of buildings *12,13*. |
Periodicity: active at night
Periodicity specified in comments(030)
Regulatory factors specified in comments(035)
Other life history information specified in comments(099)
Origin in state: native
Seasonal distribution in state: all seasons
Foraging strategy: flycatching
Foraging sites: air
Foraging height specified in comments(006)
Breeding season specified in comments(007)
Nest/den site: secondary cavity (uses existing cavity)
Nest/den site: under bark
Nest/den site specified in comments(011)
Nest/den site: man-made structure
Nest materials: no nest structure
Clutch/litter size specified in comments(018)
Number of broods/litter per year: one
Development of young at birth/hatching: altricial
Parental care of young: female
Code | Comment |
---|---|
030 | In MO, show a general decrease in activity throughout the night *039*. |
035 | Predators may include mink, raccoons, cats, rats, hawks, owls, and snakes *02*. Parasites may include mites, ticks, bat-bugs, parasitic flies, flukes, and tapeworms *02*. |
099 | Hibernate from October - March and exhibit loyalty to chosen cave *02,07*. Young born late May - June *02*, June 5 *14*. Maternity colonies usually small in number and separated from adult males *02,11*. Sperm stored in uterus until spring when fertilization takes place *10*. Begin foraging just after dusk and again just before dawn *10,15*. |
007 | Mate in the fall *02*. |
018 | 1 young per litter *02*. |
006 | In mo. Forage over and among tops of understory shrubs 1-3 m. Above ground *07,09*. |
011 | May locate maternity colonies under wood shingles or behind shutters of buildings *12,13*. |
References for life history: 007 , 009 , 010 , 011 , 012 , 013 , 014 , 022 , 002 , 038 , 039
Protect caves from human disturbance
Shrub/brush - retain snags/cavity trees
Agricultural - maintain riparian habitats
Agricultural - maintain streamside vegetation
Agricultural - develop/maintain grass waterways
Forest - maintain wilderness environment
Forest - maintain riparian habitats
Forest - maintain streamside vegetation
Forest - reforestation
Forest - maintain old growth forests
Forest - retain snags/cavity trees
Beneficial Management References: 007 , 018 , 036 , 002
Urban - application of pesticides
Urban - application of insecticides
Agricultural - application of pesticides
Agricultural - application of insecticides
Forest - application of pesticides
Forest - application of insecticides
Grassland - application of pesticides
Grassland - application of insecticides
Adverse Management References: 007 , 002
Comments on Management:
References for Management Comments:
Reference Code | Citation |
---|---|
001 | Hall, E.R. 1981. The Mammals Of North America, 2nd Ed. John Wiley And Sons, Inc. New York. 1181pp. |
002 | Schwartz, C.W. and E.R. Schwartz. 1981. The Wild Mammals Of Missouri 2nd Ed. Univ. Of Missouri Press And Mo Dept. Of Conservation, Columbia, Mo. 356 Pp. |
003 | Nordstrom, G.R., W.L. Pflieger, K.C. Sadler, and W.H. Lewis. 1977. Rare And Endangered Species Of Missouri. Mo Dept. Conserv. and Scs. 129 Pp. |
004 | Kelly, G. (Ed.) 1986. Animal Habitat Relations Handbook. Mo Dept. Of Conservation and U.S.D.A. Forest Service. Jefferson City, Mo. 293 Pp. |
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013 | Brandon, R.A. 1961. Observations Of Young Keen Bats. J. Mammal. 42:400-401 |
014 | Easterla, D.A. 1968. Parturition Of Keen's Myotis In Southwestern Missouri. J. Mammal. 49:770 |
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026 | Sasse, D.B. and P.J. Pekins. 1996. Summer Roosting Ecology Of Northern Long-Eared Bats (Myotis Septentrionalis) In The White Mountain National Forest. Pp. 91-101 In Barclay, R.M.R and R.M. Brigham, Eds. 1996. Bats And Forest Symposium, October 19-21, 1995, Victoria, British Columbia. Canada Res. Br, B.C. Min. For., Victoria, B.C. Work Pap. 23/1996. 292 Pp. |
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029 | Jung, T.S., I.D. Thompson, R.D. Titman and A.P. Applejohn. 1999. Habitat Selection By Forest Bats In Relation To Mixed-Wood Stand Types And Structure In Central Ontario. J. Wildl. Manage. 63(4):1306 |
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031 | Unpb Britzke, E. 1997 Collector's Permit Report. Missouri Dept. Of Conservation, P.O. Box 180, Jefferson City, Mo 65102. 573-751-4115. |
032 | Unpb Bossi, D. 1997 Collector's Permit Report. Missouri Dept. Of Conservation, P.O. Box 180, Jefferson City, Mo 65102. 573-751-4115. |
033 | Unpb Kuhl, B. 1997 Collector's Permit Report. Missouri Dept. Of Conservation, P.O. Box 180, Jefferson City, Mo 65102. 573-751-4115. |
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