Missouri Department of Conservation
Missouri Department of Conservation

Taxonomy

Common Name: DARTER, REDFIN

Phylum: CHORDATA

Class: OSTEICHTHYES

Order: PERCIFORMES

Family: PERCIDAE

Genus: ETHEOSTOMA

Species: WHIPPLEI

Taxonomic Authority: (GIRARD)

Taxonomy References: 002

Status

NONGAME
STATE ENDANGERED
STATE RANK S1
GLOBAL RANK G4

Status References: 003 , 013

Habitat Summary

"Occurs in riffles of permanent streams with gravel bottoms."

Primary Habitat: "Aquatic - river/stream"

References: 008

Distribution

General Occurrence in State:

"Occurs in Jasper and Barton counties *001*."

County Occurance

County Occurence
Known Likely Unknown Not Likely Historic Extirpated
BARTON GRUNDY ADAIR
JASPER LAWRENCE ANDREW
NEWTON ATCHISON
AUDRAIN
BARRY
BATES
BENTON
BOLLINGER
BOONE
BUCHANAN
BUTLER
CALDWELL
CALLAWAY
CAMDEN
CAPE GIRARDEAU
CARROLL
CARTER
CASS
CEDAR
CHARITON
CHRISTIAN
CLARK
CLAY
CLINTON
COLE
COOPER
CRAWFORD
DADE
DALLAS
DAVIESS
DEKALB
DENT
DOUGLAS
DUNKLIN
FRANKLIN
GASCONADE
GENTRY
GREENE
HARRISON
HENRY
HICKORY
HOLT
HOWARD
HOWELL
IRON
JACKSON
JEFFERSON
JOHNSON
KNOX
LACLEDE
LAFAYETTE
LEWIS
LINCOLN
LINN
LIVINGSTON
MACON
MADISON
MARIES
MARION
MCDONALD
MERCER
MILLER
MISSISSIPPI
MONITEAU
MONROE
MONTGOMERY
MORGAN
NEW MADRID
NODAWAY
OREGON
OSAGE
OZARK
PEMISCOT
PERRY
PETTIS
PHELPS
PIKE
PLATTE
POLK
PULASKI
PUTNAM
RALLS
RANDOLPH
RAY
REYNOLDS
RIPLEY
SALINE
SCHUYLER
SCOTLAND
SCOTT
SHANNON
SHELBY
ST. CHARLES
ST. CLAIR
ST. FRANCOIS
ST. LOUIS
STE. GENEVIEVE
STODDARD
STONE
SULLIVAN
TANEY
TEXAS
VERNON
WARREN
WASHINGTON
WAYNE
WEBSTER
WORTH
WRIGHT

References for distribution: 001 , 008 , 009 , 012

Distribution by Watersheds

Spring R.

Comments: ""

Distribution by Ecoregions

Osage Plains, Ozark Highlands

Comments: ""

Distribution by Potential Natural Vegetation

Bluestem Prairie/Oak Hickory Forest
Oak-Hickory-Pine Forest

Distribution by Natural Divisions of Missouri

Ozark: Springfield Plateau
Osage Plains

Habitat Associations

Species is associated with "Aquatic" habitats.

National Wetlands Inventory Association:

Riverine

Aquatic Associations:

"Riverine, upper perennial", "Unconsolidated bottom, cobble/gravel"

References for Aquatic Associations: 001 , 006 , 007 , 008

Habitat Types:

Permanent Stream

References for Habitat Types: 004

Terrestrial Natural Communities:

References for Terrestrial Natural Communities:

Food Habits

Trophic Level:

"Carnivore"

Larval Food Habits

Comments for larval food habits:
""

References for larval food habits:

Juvenile Food Habits

Comments for Juvenile Food Habits:
""

References Juvenile Food Habits

Adult Food Habits

Food Habits Unknown; Not Specified

Comments for Adult Food Habits:
""

References Adult Food Habits

Niche Requirements

Egg Niche Requirements

References for egg niches requirements:

Feeding Larvae Niche Requirements

References for feeding larvae niche requirements:

Resting Larvae Niche Requirements

References for resting Larvae niche requirements:

Feeding Juvenile Niche Requirements

Bottom type: gravel
Gradient: low
Gradient: moderate
Water level: permanently flooded
Inland wetlands: permanent stream
Natural features: riffles

References for feeding juvenile niche requirements: 001 , 006 , 007

Resting Juvenile Niche Requirements

References for resting juvenile niche requirements:

Breeding Adult Niche Requirements

Elevation 501-1000'
Inland wetlands: permanent stream
Natural features: riffles

References for feeding Adult niche requirements: 001 , 010 , 012

Feeding Adult Niche Requirements

Bottom type: gravel
Gradient: low
Gradient: moderate
Water level: permanently flooded
Inland wetlands: permanent stream
Stream order: sixth order stream
Stream order: seventh order stream
Stream order specified in comments(00260)
Natural features: riffles

References for feeding adult niche requirements: 001 , 006 , 007 , 009

Resting Adult Niche Requirements

Bottom type: gravel
Gradient: low
Gradient: moderate
Water level: permanently flooded
Inland wetlands: permanent stream
Stream order: sixth order stream
Stream order: seventh order stream
Stream order specified in comments(00260)
Natural features: riffles

References for resting adult niche requirements: 001 , 006 , 007 , 009

Niche Requirement Summary

Bottom type: gravel
Elevation 501-1000'
Gradient: low
Gradient: moderate
Inland wetlands: permanent stream
Natural features: riffles
Stream order specified in comments(00260)
Stream order: seventh order stream
Stream order: sixth order stream
Water level: permanently flooded

Comments about Life History:

Code Comment
007 In KS spawn in April *007*. in AL, spawn late February through mid-May *010*
018 In AL study, clutch size 31-207 *010*
024 Sex ratio in AL study 1:1 *010*

Life History Information

Origin in state: native
Seasonal distribution in state: all seasons
Foraging strategy: gleaning
Foraging sites: water
Breeding season specified in comments(007)
Clutch/litter size specified in comments(018)
Sex ratio specified in comments(024)

Comments about Life History:

Code Comment
007 In KS spawn in April *007*. in AL, spawn late February through mid-May *010*
018 In AL study, clutch size 31-207 *010*
024 Sex ratio in AL study 1:1 *010*

References for life history: 001 , 007 , 010

Management

Beneficial Management Practices:

Water - control sedimentation
Water - control pollution (thermal, physical, chemical)
Water - develop/maintain streamside vegetation

Beneficial Management References: 014

Adverse Managment Practices:

Water - navigational improvements (channelization, dams, locks)
Water - stream channelization
Water - gravel dredging in streams

Adverse Management References: 014

Comments on Management:
If culverts are installed, the top elevation of the culvert floor should be the same as the existing streambed, to avoid upstream headcutting and provide fish passage at low flows *014*.

References for Management Comments: 014

References

Reference Code Citation
001 Pflieger, W.L. 1997. The Fishes Of Missouri, Revised Edition. Mo Dept. Of Conservation. Jefferson City, Mo. 372 Pp.
002 Nelson, Joseph S., Edwin J. Crossman, Héctor Espinosa-Pérez, Lloyd T. Findley, Carter R. Gilbert, Robert N. Lea, and James D. Williams. 2004. Common And Scientific Names Of Fishes From The United States, Canada and Mexico (6th Ed.). Amer. Fish Soc. Spec.
003 The Checklist Of Rare And Endangered Species Of Missouri. 1991. Mo Dept. Of Conservation. Jefferson City, Mo. 44 Pp.
004 Kelly, G. (Ed.) 1986. Animal Habitat Relations Handbook. Mo Dept. Of Conservation and U.S.D.A. Forest Service. Jefferson City, Mo. 293 Pp.
005 Thom, R.H. and J.H. Wilson. 1980 The Natural Divisions Of Missouri. Trans. Mo Acad. Sci. 14:9-24.
006 Robison, H.W. 1977. Distribution, Habitat, Variation, And Status Of The Goldstripe Darter, Etheostoma Parvipinne Gilbert And Swain, In Arkansas. Southwest Nat. 22(4):435-442.
007 Cross, F.B. 1967. Handbook Of Fishes Of Kansas. Univ. Ks Mus. Nat. Hist. Misc. Publ. 45. 357 Pp.
008 Unpb Pflieger, W.L. Mo Dept. Of Conserv., 1110 S. College Ave., Columbia, Mo 65201. (573-882-9880).
009 Unpb Pflieger, W.L. The Stream Resources Of Missouri. D-J Project F-1-R-28. Study S-20. Mo Dept. Of Conserv. 1110 S. College Ave. Columbia, Mo 65201. (573-882-9880).
010 Heins, D.C. and M.D. Machado. 1993. Spawning Season, Clutch Characteristics, Sexual Dimorphism And Sex Ration In The Redfin Darter Etheostoma Whipplei. Amer. Midl. Nat. 129:161-171. Columbia, Mo 65201. (573-882-9880).
011 Pflieger, W.L. 1989. Aquatic Community Classification System For Missouri. Mo Dept. Of Conservation. Aquatic Series No. 19. 70 Pp + Supplement.
012 Unpb Pflieger, W.L. Collection Records. Mo Dept Of Conservation, 1110 College Ave., Columbia, Mo 65201. 573-882-9880.
013 Missouri Natural Heritage Program. 2004. Missouri Species and Communities of Conservation Concern Checklist. Missouri Department Of Conservation. Jefferson City, Missouri. 47 Pp.
014 Missouri Department Of Conservation. Best Management Practices: Redfin Darter. Mo Dept. Conservation. Jefferson City, Mo.