Taxonomy
Common Name: SHINER, BLACKNOSE
Phylum: CHORDATA
Class: OSTEICHTHYES
Order: CYPRINIFORMES
Family: CYPRINIDAE
Genus: NOTROPIS
Species: HETEROLEPIS
Taxonomic Authority: EIGENMANN and EIGENMANN
Taxonomy References: 002
Status
NONGAME
STATE RANK S2
GLOBAL RANK G4
Status References: 003 , 008 , 016
Habitat Summary
"Inhabits pools and backwaters of permanent streams with clear water, dense vegetation, little or no current and bottoms of mud and organic debris."
Primary Habitat: "Aquatic - river/stream"
References: 008 , 009 , 010 , 011 , 001
Distribution
General Occurrence in State:
"Occurs in isolated, highly localized populations *001*."
County Occurance
| Known | Likely | Unknown | Not Likely | Historic | Extirpated |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BENTON | AUDRAIN | ADAIR | |||
| CALLAWAY | CEDAR | ANDREW | |||
| CAMDEN | COOPER | ATCHISON | |||
| DADE | DALLAS | BARRY | |||
| HICKORY | GASCONADE | BARTON | |||
| MONTGOMERY | GREENE | BATES | |||
| PETTIS | HENRY | BOLLINGER | |||
| PHELPS | LACLEDE | BOONE | |||
| PULASKI | LAWRENCE | BUCHANAN | |||
| ST. CLAIR | MARIES | BUTLER | |||
| TEXAS | MILLER | CALDWELL | |||
| WRIGHT | MORGAN | CAPE GIRARDEAU | |||
| POLK | CARROLL | ||||
| WARREN | CARTER | ||||
| WEBSTER | CASS | ||||
| CHARITON | |||||
| CHRISTIAN | |||||
| CLARK | |||||
| CLAY | |||||
| CLINTON | |||||
| COLE | |||||
| CRAWFORD | |||||
| DAVIESS | |||||
| DEKALB | |||||
| DENT | |||||
| DOUGLAS | |||||
| DUNKLIN | |||||
| FRANKLIN | |||||
| GENTRY | |||||
| GRUNDY | |||||
| HARRISON | |||||
| HOLT | |||||
| HOWARD | |||||
| HOWELL | |||||
| IRON | |||||
| JACKSON | |||||
| JASPER | |||||
| JEFFERSON | |||||
| JOHNSON | |||||
| KNOX | |||||
| LAFAYETTE | |||||
| LEWIS | |||||
| LINCOLN | |||||
| LINN | |||||
| LIVINGSTON | |||||
| MACON | |||||
| MADISON | |||||
| MARION | |||||
| MCDONALD | |||||
| MERCER | |||||
| MISSISSIPPI | |||||
| MONITEAU | |||||
| MONROE | |||||
| NEW MADRID | |||||
| NEWTON | |||||
| NODAWAY | |||||
| OREGON | |||||
| OSAGE | |||||
| OZARK | |||||
| PEMISCOT | |||||
| PERRY | |||||
| PIKE | |||||
| PLATTE | |||||
| PUTNAM | |||||
| RALLS | |||||
| RANDOLPH | |||||
| RAY | |||||
| REYNOLDS | |||||
| RIPLEY | |||||
| SALINE | |||||
| SCHUYLER | |||||
| SCOTLAND | |||||
| SCOTT | |||||
| SHANNON | |||||
| SHELBY | |||||
| ST. CHARLES | |||||
| ST. FRANCOIS | |||||
| ST. LOUIS | |||||
| STE. GENEVIEVE | |||||
| STODDARD | |||||
| STONE | |||||
| SULLIVAN | |||||
| TANEY | |||||
| VERNON | |||||
| WASHINGTON | |||||
| WAYNE | |||||
| WORTH |
References for distribution: 006 , 007 , 008 , 013 , 001
Distribution by Watersheds
Osage R. from Headwaters to Warsaw, MO.
Sac R.
Pomme De Terre R.
Osage R. from Warsaw to Bagnell Dam
Gasconade R. from Headwaters to Big Piney R.
Big Piney R.
Gasconade R. from Big Piney R. to Mo. R.
Mo. R. from Little Chariton R. to Gasconade R.
Lamine R.
Mo. R. from Gasconade R. to Miss. R.
Comments: ""
Distribution by Ecoregions
Central Till Plains, Osage Plains, Ozark Highlands
Comments: ""
Distribution by Potential Natural Vegetation
Bluestem Prairie/Oak Hickory Forest
Oak-Hickory Forest
Oak-Hickory-Pine Forest
Distribution by Natural Divisions of Missouri
Glaciated Plains: Western
Glaciated Plains: Eastern
Ozark Border: Missouri River
Ozark Border: Mississippi River
Ozark: Springfield Plateau
Ozark: Upper Ozark
Ozark: St. Francois Mountains
Osage Plains
Habitat Associations
Species is associated with "Aquatic" habitats.
National Wetlands Inventory Association:
Riverine
Aquatic Associations:
"Riverine, lower perennial", "Aquatic bed, unknown submergent",
"Riverine, lower perennial", "Unconsolidated bottom, mud",
"Riverine, lower perennial", "Unconsolidated bottom, organic",
References for Aquatic Associations: 006 , 008 , 011 , 012 , 001
Habitat Types:
Permanent Stream
References for Habitat Types: 004
Terrestrial Natural Communities:
References for Terrestrial Natural Communities:
Food Habits
Trophic Level:
"Omnivore"
Larval Food Habits
Comments for larval food habits:
""
References for larval food habits:
Juvenile Food Habits
Comments for Juvenile Food Habits:
""
References Juvenile Food Habits
Adult Food Habits
Aquatic Insects; Not Specified
Crustaceans; Not Specified
Insects
Insects; Not Specified
Comments for Adult Food Habits:
""
References Adult Food Habits 017
Niche Requirements
Egg Niche Requirements
References for egg niches requirements:
Feeding Larvae Niche Requirements
Turbidity: clear water
Turbidity: clear water, but tolerates periodic cloudiness
Bottom type: mud or silt
Bottom type: organic debris
Density of aquatic vegetation: dense
Current velocity: no noticable current
Current velocity: slow current
Water level: permanently flooded
Inland wetlands: permanent stream
Inland wetlands: backwaters
Natural features: pools
References for feeding larvae niche requirements: 011 , 012 , 001
Resting Larvae Niche Requirements
References for resting Larvae niche requirements: 011 , 012 , 001
Feeding Juvenile Niche Requirements
Turbidity: clear water
Turbidity: clear water, but tolerates periodic cloudiness
Bottom type: mud or silt
Bottom type: organic debris
Density of aquatic vegetation: dense
Current velocity: no noticable current
Current velocity: slow current
Water level: permanently flooded
Inland wetlands: permanent stream
Inland wetlands: backwaters
Natural features: pools
References for feeding juvenile niche requirements: 011 , 012 , 001
Resting Juvenile Niche Requirements
References for resting juvenile niche requirements:
Breeding Adult Niche Requirements
Elevation 501-1000'
Inland wetlands: permanent stream
References for feeding Adult niche requirements: 015 , 001
Feeding Adult Niche Requirements
Dissolved oxygen specified in comments(00020)
Turbidity: clear water
Turbidity: clear water, but tolerates periodic cloudiness
Bottom type: mud or silt
Bottom type: organic debris
Density of aquatic vegetation: dense
Current velocity: no noticable current
Current velocity: slow current
Water level: permanently flooded
Inland wetlands: permanent stream
Inland wetlands: backwaters
Stream order: first order stream
Stream order: second order stream
Stream order: third order stream
Stream order: fourth order stream
Stream order: fifth order stream
Stream order: sixth order stream
Stream order specified in comments(00260)
General habitat association specified in comments(00270)
Natural features: pools
References for feeding adult niche requirements: 007 , 010 , 011 , 012 , 015 , 001
Resting Adult Niche Requirements
Dissolved oxygen specified in comments(00020)
Turbidity: clear water
Turbidity: clear water, but tolerates periodic cloudiness
Bottom type: mud or silt
Bottom type: organic debris
Density of aquatic vegetation: dense
Current velocity: no noticable current
Current velocity: slow current
Water level: permanently flooded
Inland wetlands: permanent stream
Inland wetlands: backwaters
Stream order: first order stream
Stream order: second order stream
Stream order: third order stream
Stream order: fourth order stream
Stream order: fifth order stream
Stream order: sixth order stream
Stream order specified in comments(00260)
General habitat association specified in comments(00270)
Natural features: pools
References for resting adult niche requirements: 007 , 010 , 011 , 012 , 001
Niche Requirement Summary
Bottom type: mud or silt
Bottom type: organic debris
Current velocity: no noticable current
Current velocity: slow current
Density of aquatic vegetation: dense
Dissolved oxygen specified in comments(00020)
Elevation 501-1000'
General habitat association specified in comments(00270)
Inland wetlands: backwaters
Inland wetlands: permanent stream
Natural features: pools
Stream order specified in comments(00260)
Stream order: fifth order stream
Stream order: first order stream
Stream order: fourth order stream
Stream order: second order stream
Stream order: sixth order stream
Stream order: third order stream
Turbidity: clear water
Turbidity: clear water, but tolerates periodic cloudiness
Water level: permanently flooded
Comments about Life History:
| Code | Comment |
|---|---|
| 034 | Increased siltation is an important factor in declining abundance in mo. *01* |
| 038 | In central MO, attain length of about 0.8-1.5" by end of first summer *01*. In MI study, no individuals lived much beyond their second summer *18*. |
| 005 | Feeds on weed surfaces *09*and on the bottom *17*. |
| 012 | Spawning site information unavailable |
| 040 | Lives in schools in midwater.*01* |
Life History Information
Limiting factors specified in comments(034)
Age and growth information specified in comments(038)
Schooling behavior specified in comments(040)
Origin in state: native
Seasonal distribution in state: all seasons
Foraging strategy: gleaning
Foraging sites: water
Foraging sites specified in comments(005)
Spawning site specified in comments(012)
Comments about Life History:
| Code | Comment |
|---|---|
| 034 | Increased siltation is an important factor in declining abundance in mo. *01* |
| 038 | In central MO, attain length of about 0.8-1.5" by end of first summer *01*. In MI study, no individuals lived much beyond their second summer *18*. |
| 005 | Feeds on weed surfaces *09*and on the bottom *17*. |
| 012 | Spawning site information unavailable |
| 040 | Lives in schools in midwater.*01* |
References for life history: 009 , 017 , 018 , 001
Management
Beneficial Management Practices:
Water - control sedimentation
Beneficial Management References: 006 , 001
Adverse Managment Practices:
Water - dredging and filling
Water - navigational improvements (channelization, dams, locks)
Water - stream channelization
Water - drainage of wetlands, marshes, ponds, lakes
Adverse Management References: 006 , 001
Comments on Management:
References for Management Comments:
References
| Reference Code | Citation |
|---|---|
| 001 | Pflieger, W.L. 1997. The Fishes Of Missouri, Revised Edition. Mo Dept. Of Conservation. Jefferson City, Mo. 372 Pp. |
| 002 | Nelson, Joseph S., Edwin J. Crossman, Héctor Espinosa-Pérez, Lloyd T. Findley, Carter R. Gilbert, Robert N. Lea, and James D. Williams. 2004. Common And Scientific Names Of Fishes From The United States, Canada and Mexico (6th Ed.). Amer. Fish Soc. Spec. Publ. No. 29. 386 pp. |
| 003 | The Wildlife Code of Missouri. Missouri Department of Conservation, P.O. Box 180, Jefferson City, MO 65102. 573-751-4115. |
| 004 | Kelly, G. (Ed.) 1986. Animal Habitat Relations Handbook. Mo Dept. Of Conservation and U.S.D.A. Forest Service. Jefferson City, Mo. 293 Pp. |
| 005 | Thom, R.H. and J.H. Wilson. 1980 The Natural Divisions Of Missouri. Trans. Mo Acad. Sci. 14:9-24. |
| 006 | Unpb Pflieger, W.L. Mo Dept. Of Conservation, 1110 S. College Ave., Columbia, Mo 65201. (573-882-9880). |
| 007 | Unpb Pflieger, W.L. The Stream Resources Of Missouri. D-J Proj. F-1-R-28. Study S-20. Mo Dept. Conserv. 1110 S. College Ave. Columbia, Mo 65201. (573)882-9880. |
| 008 | The Checklist Of Rare And Endangered Species Of Missouri. 1991. Mo Dept. Of Conservation. Jefferson City, Mo. 44 Pp. |
| 009 | Werner, E.F., D.J. Hall, D.R. Laughlin, D.J. Wagner, L.A. Wilsmann, and F.C. Funk. 1977. Habitat Partitioning In A Freshwater Fish Community. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Can. 34(3):360-370. |
| 010 | Cooper, G.P. and G.N. Washburn. 1946. Relation Of Dissolved Oxygen To Winter Mortality Of Fish In Michigan Lakes. Trans. Amer. Fish. Soc. 76:23-33. |
| 011 | Cross, F.B. 1967. Handbook Of Fishes Of Kansas. Univ. Ks Mus. Nat. Hist. Misc. Publ. 45. 357 Pp. |
| 012 | Trautman, M.B. 1957. The Fishes Of Ohio. Ohio St. Univ. Press. 683pp |
| 013 | Unpb Missouri Department of Conservation Heritage Database. P.O. Box 180, Jefferson City, Mo 65102. |
| 014 | Pflieger, W.L. 1989. Aquatic Community Classification System For Missouri. Mo Dept. Of Conservation. Aquatic Series No. 19. 70 Pp + Supplement. |
| 015 | Unpb Pflieger, W.L. Collection Records. Mo Dept Of Conservation, 1110 College Ave., Columbia, Mo 65201. 573-882-9880. |
| 016 | Missouri Natural Heritage Program. 2004. Missouri Species and Communities of Conservation Concern Checklist. Missouri Department Of Conservation. Jefferson City, Missouri. 47 Pp. |
| 017 | Becker, G.C. 1983. Fishes Of Wisconsin. Univ. Of Wisconsin Press. Madison. 1052 Pp. |
| 018 | Emery, L. and D.C. Wallace. 1974. Age And Growth Of The Blacknose Shiner, Notropis Heterolepis Eigenmann And Eigenmann. Am. Midl. Nat. 91(1):242-243 |