Missouri Department of Conservation
Missouri Department of Conservation

Taxonomy

Common Name: TALL LARKSPUR

Phylum: MAGNOLIOPHYTA

Class: MAGNOLIOPSIDA

Order: RANUNCULALES

Family: RANUNCULACEAE

Genus: DELPHINIUM

Species: EXALTATUM

Taxonomic Authority: AITON

Taxonomy References: 001

Status

STATE RANK S2
See Comments
GLOBAL RANK G3

Status References: 005

Habitat Summary

"Commonly occurs in open forests on north or west facing slopes with dolomite or cherty dolomite substrates. Usually found near rivers."

Primary Habitat: "Savanna/Shrub/Woodland - woodl"

References: 002 , 004

Distribution

General Occurrence in State:

"Known only from southern Missouri *03,04*."

County Occurance

County Occurence
Known Likely Unknown Not Likely Historic Extirpated
HOWELL
SHANNON

References for distribution: 003 , 004

Distribution by Watersheds

Current R.
Warm Fork Spring R. and South Fork

Comments: ""

Distribution by Ecoregions

Comments: ""

Distribution by Potential Natural Vegetation

Oak-Hickory Forest
Oak-Hickory-Pine Forest

Distribution by Natural Divisions of Missouri

Ozark: Lower Ozark

Habitat Associations

Species is associated with "Terrestrial" habitats.

National Wetlands Inventory Association:

Aquatic Associations:

References for Aquatic Associations:

Habitat Types:

Limestone Bluff and Cave
See Comments

References for Habitat Types: 002 , 004

Terrestrial Natural Communities:

Forest
Upland Limestone/Dolomite Forest
Xeric Limestone/Dolomite Forest
Dry Limestone/Dolomite Forest
Dry-Mesic Limestone/Dolomite Forest
Talus
Limestone/Dolomite Talus

References for Terrestrial Natural Communities: 002 , 003 , 004

Food Habits

Trophic Level:

""

Larval Food Habits

Comments for larval food habits:
""

References for larval food habits:

Juvenile Food Habits

Comments for Juvenile Food Habits:
""

References Juvenile Food Habits

Adult Food Habits

Comments for Adult Food Habits:
""

References Adult Food Habits

Niche Requirements

Egg Niche Requirements

References for egg niches requirements:

Feeding Larvae Niche Requirements

References for feeding larvae niche requirements:

Resting Larvae Niche Requirements

References for resting Larvae niche requirements:

Feeding Juvenile Niche Requirements

References for feeding juvenile niche requirements:

Resting Juvenile Niche Requirements

References for resting juvenile niche requirements:

Breeding Adult Niche Requirements

References for feeding Adult niche requirements:

Feeding Adult Niche Requirements

References for feeding adult niche requirements:

Resting Adult Niche Requirements

References for resting adult niche requirements:

Niche Requirement Summary

Natural features specified in comments(00280)
Slope specified in comments(00330)

Comments about Life History:

Code Comment
003 Associated with agrimonia rostellata, polygala senega var. Latifolia, liatris squarrosa, viburnum rafinesquianum var. Affine, dirca palustris, solidago arguta, gerardia flava var. Macrantha, veronicastrum virginicum f. Villosum, trillium recurvatum, panicum boscII, asclepias quadrifolia *002*, cypripedium calceolus var. Parviflorum, juniperus virginiana, quercus spp., and waldsteinia fragarioides *004*.

Life History Information

Reproduction (plants):plants monoecious
Duration of plant:perennial
Pollination by:insects
Seed dispersal by:wind
Life form:herb
Flowering period begins: July
Flowering period ends: August
Fruiting period begins: August
Fruiting period ends: September
Origin in state: native
Closely associated plant or animal species specified in comments(003)

Comments about Life History:

Code Comment
003 Associated with agrimonia rostellata, polygala senega var. Latifolia, liatris squarrosa, viburnum rafinesquianum var. Affine, dirca palustris, solidago arguta, gerardia flava var. Macrantha, veronicastrum virginicum f. Villosum, trillium recurvatum, panicum boscII, asclepias quadrifolia *002*, cypripedium calceolus var. Parviflorum, juniperus virginiana, quercus spp., and waldsteinia fragarioides *004*.

References for life history: 002 , 003 , 004

Management

Beneficial Management Practices:

Urban - mowing
Forest - maintain early stage of ecological succession
Forest - maintain natural vegetation (native)
Forest - control erosion
Forest - prescribed/controlled burning
Forest - uneven age timber management
Forest - other (specify in comments)

Beneficial Management References: 004

Adverse Managment Practices:

Forest - application of pesticides
Forest - develop/maintain roads
Forest - suppression of wildfire
Forest - other (specify in comments)

Adverse Management References: 004

Comments on Management:
The absence of a natural fire regime is the primary threat to this species. The encroachment of trees, shrubs, and exotic species degrades populations. Other threats to this species includes disturbance of habitat through alternative and recreational land use, grazing impacts, road construction, inappropriate corridor maintenance, logging, and erosion *04*. Beneficial management: sites should be periodically burned, canopy thinned, and underbrush cleared to maintain an open habitat. Also pre-season mowing should be conducted along powerline corridors *04*.

References for Management Comments: 004

References

Reference Code Citation
001 Yatskievych, G. and J. Turner. 1990. Catalogue Of The Flora Of Missouri. Monographs In Systemic Botany From The Missouri Botanical Garden, V.37. 345 Pp.
002 Steyermark, J.A. 1963. The Flora Of Missouri. The Iowa State University Press. Ames, IA. 1728 pp.
003 Unpb Flora Of Missouri Database. G. Yatskievych, Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, Mo 63166-0299. 314-577-9522.
004 Unpb Missouri Department Of Conservation Heritage Database. P.O. Box 180, Jefferson City, Mo 65102 573-751-4115.
005 Missouri Natural Heritage Program. 2004. Missouri Species and Communities of Conservation Concern Checklist. Missouri Department Of Conservation. Jefferson City, Missouri. 47 Pp.
006 Unpb Smith, T.E. Missouri Dept. Of Conservation, P.O. Box 180, Jefferson City, M0 65102. 573-751-4115.