Missouri Department of Conservation
Missouri Department of Conservation

Taxonomy

Common Name: SHINER, GHOST

Phylum: CHORDATA

Class: OSTEICHTHYES

Order: CYPRINIFORMES

Family: CYPRINIDAE

Genus: NOTROPIS

Species: BUCHANANI

Taxonomic Authority: MEEK

Taxonomy References:

Status

NONGAME
STATE RANK S2
GLOBAL RANK G5

Status References: 005 , 009 , 013

Habitat Summary

"Inhabits pools and backwaters of large streams and rivers with moderately clear water, low gradient and quiet water. In northern MO, only found in locations at least 3-5 km downstream from channelization *014*."

Primary Habitat: "Aquatic - river/stream"

References: 001 , 008

Distribution

General Occurrence in State:

"Occurs in prairie streams along a broad band extending northeast from the Spring R., and in the Missouri and Mississippi rivers *001*."

County Occurance

County Occurence
Known Likely Unknown Not Likely Historic Extirpated
AUDRAIN ANDREW ADAIR BARRY
BARTON DADE ATCHISON BOLLINGER
BATES HOLT BUCHANAN BUTLER
BENTON LEWIS CARROLL CALDWELL
BOONE MACON CASS CAMDEN
CALLAWAY PLATTE CHARITON CARTER
CAPE GIRARDEAU RANDOLPH CLARK CHRISTIAN
CEDAR ST. CLAIR CLAY CLINTON
COLE FRANKLIN CRAWFORD
COOPER HENRY DALLAS
GASCONADE HICKORY DAVIESS
HOWARD JACKSON DEKALB
JASPER LAFAYETTE DENT
JEFFERSON POLK DOUGLAS
KNOX RAY DUNKLIN
LINCOLN VERNON GENTRY
MARION GREENE
MILLER GRUNDY
MONITEAU HARRISON
MONROE HOWELL
MONTGOMERY IRON
MORGAN JOHNSON
OSAGE LACLEDE
PERRY LAWRENCE
PETTIS LINN
PIKE LIVINGSTON
RALLS MADISON
SALINE MARIES
SCOTT MCDONALD
SHELBY MERCER
ST. CHARLES MISSISSIPPI
ST. LOUIS NEW MADRID
STE. GENEVIEVE NEWTON
WARREN NODAWAY
OREGON
OZARK
PEMISCOT
PHELPS
PULASKI
PUTNAM
REYNOLDS
RIPLEY
SCHUYLER
SCOTLAND
SHANNON
ST. FRANCOIS
STODDARD
STONE
SULLIVAN
TANEY
TEXAS
WASHINGTON
WAYNE
WEBSTER
WORTH
WRIGHT

References for distribution: 001 , 003 , 004

Distribution by Watersheds

South Fabius R.
Miss. R. from Des Moines R. to MO. R.; and North R.
North Fork from Headwaters to South Fork
South Fork from Headwaters to North Fork
Salt R.
Cuivre R.
Dardenne Creek
Miss. R. from St. Louis to River Aux Vases
Meramec R.
Miss. R. from River Aux Vases to Ohio R.
Marais Des Cygnes from Headwaters to Little Osage R.
Osage R. from Headwaters to Warsaw, MO.
Sac R.
Osage R. from Bagnell Dam to Mo. R.
Gasconade R. from Big Piney R. to Mo. R.
Mo. R. from Little Chariton R. to Gasconade R.
Lamine R.
Blackwater R.
Mo. R. from Gasconade R. to Miss. R.
Spring R.

Comments: ""

Distribution by Ecoregions

Central Till Plains, Mississippi River Alluvial Plains, Osage Plains, Ozark Highlands

Comments: ""

Distribution by Potential Natural Vegetation

Bluestem Prairie/Oak Hickory Forest
Oak-Hickory Forest

Distribution by Natural Divisions of Missouri

Glaciated Plains: Eastern
Glaciated Plains: Lincoln Hills
Big Rivers: Lower Missouri
Big Rivers: Upper Mississippi
Big Rivers: Lower Mississippi
Ozark Border
Ozark Border: Missouri River
Ozark Border: Mississippi River
Ozark: Springfield Plateau
Ozark: Upper Ozark
Mississippi Lowlands: Lowlands
Osage Plains

Habitat Associations

Species is associated with "Aquatic" habitats.

National Wetlands Inventory Association:

Riverine

Aquatic Associations:

"Riverine, unknown perennial", "Unconsolidated bottom, cobble/gravel"
"Riverine, unknown perennial", "Unconsolidated bottom, sand"

References for Aquatic Associations: 001 , 008

Habitat Types:

Permanent Stream

References for Habitat Types: 006 , 014

Terrestrial Natural Communities:

References for Terrestrial Natural Communities:

Food Habits

Trophic Level:

""

Larval Food Habits

Comments for larval food habits:
""

References for larval food habits:

Juvenile Food Habits

Comments for Juvenile Food Habits:
""

References Juvenile Food Habits

Adult Food Habits

Food Habits Unknown; Not Specified

Comments for Adult Food Habits:
""

References Adult Food Habits

Niche Requirements

Egg Niche Requirements

References for egg niches requirements:

Feeding Larvae Niche Requirements

References for feeding larvae niche requirements:

Resting Larvae Niche Requirements

References for resting Larvae niche requirements:

Feeding Juvenile Niche Requirements

Turbidity: moderate turbidity
Gradient: low
Current velocity: no noticable current
Inland wetlands: permanent stream
Inland wetlands: backwaters
Natural features: pools
Natural features specified in comments(00280)

References for feeding juvenile niche requirements: 001 , 008

Resting Juvenile Niche Requirements

Natural features specified in comments(00280)

References for resting juvenile niche requirements: 001 , 008

Breeding Adult Niche Requirements

Turbidity: moderate turbidity
Bottom type: sand
Bottom type: gravel
Gradient: low
Current velocity: no noticable current
Current velocity: slow current
Water level: permanently flooded
Elevation 501-1000'
Inland wetlands: permanent stream
Inland wetlands: backwaters
Natural features: riffles
Natural features specified in comments(00280)

References for feeding Adult niche requirements: 001 , 008 , 011

Feeding Adult Niche Requirements

Turbidity: moderate turbidity
Gradient: low
Current velocity: no noticable current
Big river habitat: backwaters
Big river habitat: tributary confluence
Water level: permanently flooded
Inland wetlands: permanent stream
Inland wetlands: backwaters
Stream order: first order stream
Stream order: third order stream
Stream order: fourth order stream
Stream order: fifth order stream
Stream order: sixth order stream
Stream order: seventh order stream
Stream order: eighth order stream
Stream order: ninth order or greater stream
Stream order specified in comments(00260)
Natural features: pools
Natural features specified in comments(00280)

References for feeding adult niche requirements: 001 , 003 , 008 , 011 , 012

Resting Adult Niche Requirements

Turbidity: moderate turbidity
Gradient: low
Current velocity: no noticable current
Big river habitat: backwaters
Big river habitat: tributary confluence
Water level: permanently flooded
Inland wetlands: permanent stream
Inland wetlands: backwaters
Stream order: first order stream
Stream order: third order stream
Stream order: fourth order stream
Stream order: fifth order stream
Stream order: sixth order stream
Stream order: seventh order stream
Stream order: eighth order stream
Stream order: ninth order or greater stream
Stream order specified in comments(00260)
Natural features: pools
Natural features specified in comments(00280)

References for resting adult niche requirements: 001 , 003 , 008

Niche Requirement Summary

Big river habitat: backwaters
Big river habitat: tributary confluence
Bottom type: gravel
Bottom type: sand
Current velocity: no noticable current
Current velocity: slow current
Elevation 501-1000'
Gradient: low
Inland wetlands: backwaters
Inland wetlands: permanent stream
Natural features specified in comments(00280)
Natural features: pools
Natural features: riffles
Stream order specified in comments(00260)
Stream order: eighth order stream
Stream order: fifth order stream
Stream order: first order stream
Stream order: fourth order stream
Stream order: ninth order or greater stream
Stream order: seventh order stream
Stream order: sixth order stream
Stream order: third order stream
Turbidity: moderate turbidity
Water level: permanently flooded

Comments about Life History:

Code Comment
099 Maximum life span 3 summers *01*
003 Commonly associated with mimic shiner, red shiner, and redfin shiner *01*
007 Spawn 'late April- early June *01*
038 Reach 1-1.5" by end of 1st summer, 1.5-2.0" by end of 2nd summer. Are not known to exceed 2", females grow larger than males. *01*

Life History Information

Age and growth information specified in comments(038)
School throughout life
Other life history information specified in comments(099)
Origin in state: native
Seasonal distribution in state: all seasons
Closely associated plant or animal species specified in comments(003)
Foraging strategy: gleaning
Foraging sites: water
Breeding season specified in comments(007)
Spawning site: standing water
Spawning site: flowing water
Spawning site: sand
Spawning site: gravel

Comments about Life History:

Code Comment
099 Maximum life span 3 summers *01*
003 Commonly associated with mimic shiner, red shiner, and redfin shiner *01*
007 Spawn 'late April- early June *01*
038 Reach 1-1.5" by end of 1st summer, 1.5-2.0" by end of 2nd summer. Are not known to exceed 2", females grow larger than males. *01*

References for life history: 001 , 004

Management

Beneficial Management Practices:

Water - control sedimentation
Water - develop/maintain streamside vegetation
Water - stabilize streambanks
Agricultural - control erosion

Beneficial Management References: 004

Adverse Managment Practices:

Water - dredging and filling

Adverse Management References: 014

Comments on Management:

References for Management Comments:

References

Reference Code Citation
001 Pflieger, W.L. 1997. The Fishes Of Missouri, Revised Edition. Mo Dept. Of Conservation. Jefferson City, Mo. 372 Pp.
002 Nelson, Joseph S., Edwin J. Crossman, Héctor Espinosa-Pérez, Lloyd T. Findley, Carter R. Gilbert, Robert N. Lea, and James D. Williams. 2004. Common And Scientific Names Of Fishes From The United States, Canada and Mexico (6th Ed.). Amer. Fish Soc. Spec. Publ. No. 29. 386 pp.
003 Unpb Pflieger, W.L. The Stream Resources Of Missouri. D-J Project F-1-R-28. Study S-20. Mo Dept. Of Conservation, 1110 S. College Ave., Columbia, Mo 65201. (573-882-9880).
004 Unpb Pflieger, W.L. Mo Dept. Of Conservation, 1110 S. College Ave., Columbia, Mo 65201. (573-882-9880).
005 The Wildlife Code of Missouri. Missouri Department of Conservation, P.O. Box 180, Jefferson City, MO 65102. 573-751-4115.
006 Kelly, G. (Ed.) 1986. Animal Habitat Relations Handbook. Mo Dept. Of Conservation and U.S.D.A. Forest Service. Jefferson City, Mo. 293 Pp.
007 Thom, R.H. and J.H. Wilson. 1980 The Natural Divisions Of Missouri. Trans. Mo Acad. Sci. 14:9-24.
008 Cross, F.B. 1967. Handbook Of Fishes Of Kansas. Univ. Ks Mus. Nat. Hist. Misc. Publ. 45. 357 Pp.
009 The Checklist Of Rare And Endangered Species Of Missouri. 1991. Mo Dept. Of Conservation. Jefferson City, Mo. 44 Pp.
010 Pflieger, W.L. 1989. Aquatic Community Classification System For Missouri. Mo Dept. Of Conservation. Aquatic Series No. 19. 70 Pp + Supplement.
011 Unpb Pflieger, W.L. Collection Records. Mo Dept Of Conservation, 1110 College Ave., Columbia, Mo 65201. 573-882-9880.
012 Unpb Gelwicks, G.T. 1995. Fish Movement Between The Lower Missouri River And A Managed Floodplain Wetland In Missouri. M.S. Thesis, Univ. Of Missouri-Columbia. 190 Pp.
013 Missouri Natural Heritage Program. 2004. Missouri Species and Communities of Conservation Concern Checklist. Missouri Department Of Conservation. Jefferson City, Missouri. 47 Pp.
014 Vokoun, J.C. and C.F. Rabeni. 2000. Recovery of prairie fish assemblages at the transition from channelized to unchannelized: Implications for conservation of natural channels. Missouri Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Unit, Univ. of Missouri. Completion Report. Columbia, MO. 25 Pp.