Missouri Department of Conservation
Missouri Department of Conservation

Taxonomy

Common Name: SALAMANDER, EASTERN TIGER

Phylum: CHORDATA

Class: AMPHIBIA

Order: CAUDATA

Family: AMBYSTOMATIDAE

Genus: AMBYSTOMA

Species: TIGRINUM

Taxonomic Authority: (GREEN)

Taxonomy References: 017 , 033 , 001 , 026

Status

NONGAME
GLOBAL RANK G5T5
STATE RANK SU

Status References: 006

Habitat Summary

"Occur in woodlands, swamps, grasslands, and near farm ponds. Breed in fishless ponds or marshes."

Primary Habitat: "Savanna/Shrub/Woodland matrix"

References: 001 , 003

Distribution

General Occurrence in State:

"Is uncommon in the Ozarks *02*."

County Occurance

County Occurence
Known Likely Unknown Not Likely Historic Extirpated
ADAIR AUDRAIN WASHINGTON
ANDREW BARTON
ATCHISON BATES
BARRY BENTON
BOLLINGER CALDWELL
BOONE CALLAWAY
BUCHANAN CAPE GIRARDEAU
BUTLER CASS
CAMDEN CEDAR
CARROLL CHARITON
CARTER CHRISTIAN
CLARK COLE
CLAY COOPER
CLINTON DADE
CRAWFORD DAVIESS
DALLAS DENT
DEKALB DUNKLIN
DOUGLAS FRANKLIN
GASCONADE HARRISON
GENTRY HENRY
GREENE HICKORY
GRUNDY HOWARD
HOLT IRON
HOWELL JASPER
JACKSON LACLEDE
JEFFERSON LAFAYETTE
JOHNSON LAWRENCE
KNOX MACON
LEWIS MADISON
LINCOLN MARIES
LINN MCDONALD
LIVINGSTON MISSISSIPPI
MARION MONITEAU
MERCER MONROE
MILLER MORGAN
MONTGOMERY NEW MADRID
NODAWAY NEWTON
OREGON OSAGE
OZARK PEMISCOT
PERRY PETTIS
PIKE PHELPS
PLATTE POLK
PULASKI RALLS
PUTNAM REYNOLDS
RANDOLPH RIPLEY
RAY SCOTLAND
SALINE ST. FRANCOIS
SCHUYLER SULLIVAN
SCOTT VERNON
SHANNON WARREN
SHELBY WAYNE
ST. CHARLES WORTH
ST. CLAIR
ST. LOUIS
STE. GENEVIEVE
STODDARD
STONE
TANEY
TEXAS
WEBSTER
WRIGHT

References for distribution: 039 , 030 , 031 , 001 , 002 , 018 , 019 , 020 , 023 , 024 , 025 , 027 , 040 , 041 , 037 , 038

Distribution by Watersheds

Des Moines R.
Wyaconda R.
North Fabius R. and Middle Fabius R.
South Fabius R.
Miss. R. from Des Moines R. to MO. R.; and North R.
North Fork from Headwaters to South Fork
South Fork from Headwaters to North Fork
Salt R.
Cuivre R.
Dardenne Creek
Miss. R. from St. Louis to River Aux Vases
Meramec R.
Bourbeuse R.
Big R.
Miss. R. from River Aux Vases to Ohio R.
Castor R. and Castor R. Diversion Channel
St. Francis R. from Headwaters to Wappapello Dam
St. Francis R. from Wappapello Dam to Arkansas Border
Little R.
Area Bordered by Black R. and St. Francis R. South of Quintan, MO
Mo. R. from Iowa Border to Nishnabotna R.
Nishnabotna R.
Mo. R. from Nishnabotna R. to Nodaway R.
Nodaway R.
Mo.R. from Nodaway to Kansas City
Platte R.
One Hundred and Two R.
Northwest Corner of Jackson County
Grand R. from Headwaters to Shoal Creek
Thompson R.
Grand R. from Shoal Creek to MO. R.
Chariton R. from Headwaters to Shuteye Creek
Chariton R. from Shuteye Creek to Mo. R.
Little Chariton R.
Sac R.
Pomme De Terre R.
South Grand R.
Osage R. from Warsaw to Bagnell Dam
Niangua R.
Osage R. from Bagnell Dam to Mo. R.
Gasconade R. from Headwaters to Big Piney R.
Big Piney R.
Gasconade R. from Big Piney R. to Mo. R.
Mo. R. from Kansas City to Little Chariton R.
Mo. R. from Little Chariton R. to Gasconade R.
Lamine R.
Blackwater R.
Mo. R. from Gasconade R. to Miss. R.
White R. above Tablerock Dam
James R.
White R. below Tablerock Dam and Little North Fork White R.
North Fork White R.
Black R.
Current R.
Warm Fork Spring R. and South Fork
Eleven Point R.
Spring R.
Indian Creek

Comments: "Likely to occur in listed units, based on county occurrence."

Distribution by Ecoregions

Central Till Plains, Osage Plains, Ozark Highlands

Comments: ""

Distribution by Potential Natural Vegetation

Bluestem Prairie/Oak Hickory Forest
Cedar Glades
Oak-Hickory Forest
Oak-Hickory-Pine Forest
Southern Floodplain Forest
ALL

Distribution by Natural Divisions of Missouri

Glaciated Plains
Glaciated Plains: Western
Glaciated Plains: Grand River
Glaciated Plains: Eastern
Glaciated Plains: Lincoln Hills
Big Rivers
Big Rivers: Upper Missouri
Big Rivers: Lower Missouri
Big Rivers: Upper Mississippi
Big Rivers: Lower Mississippi
Ozark Border
Ozark Border: Missouri River
Ozark Border: Mississippi River
Ozark
Ozark: Springfield Plateau
Ozark: Upper Ozark
Ozark: St. Francois Mountains
Ozark: Elk River
Ozark: White River
Ozark: Lower Ozark
Mississippi Lowlands
Mississippi Lowlands: Crowley's Ridge
Mississippi Lowlands: Lowlands
Osage Plains

Habitat Associations

Species is associated with "Terrestrial/Aquatic" habitats.

National Wetlands Inventory Association:

Palustrine

Aquatic Associations:

"See Comments"
"Palustrine"
"Palustrine", "No Subclass",
"Palustrine", "Emergent"
"Palustrine", "Forested"

References for Aquatic Associations: 032 , 001 , 003

Habitat Types:

Waterhole
Swamp
Marsh
Perennial Grass (Warm season)
Perennial Grass (cool-season)
Fruiting Tree-Shrub
Eastern Red Cedar (70% + crown closure)
Eastern Red Cedar (30-70% crown closure)
Oak-Hickory Regeneration: (3-10 years)

References for Habitat Types: 001 , 002 , 003 , 005

Terrestrial Natural Communities:

Forest
Upland forest
Flatwoods
Prairie
Dry Prairie
Dry-Mesic Prairie
Mesic Prairie
Wet-Mesic Prairie
Wet Prairie
Hardpan Prairie
Wetland
Marshes
Freshwater Marsh
Pond Marsh
Swamps
Swamp
Pond Swamp
Shrub Swamp
Pond Shrub Swamp

References for Terrestrial Natural Communities: 001 , 002 , 005 , 011

Food Habits

Trophic Level:

"Carnivore"

Larval Food Habits

Diptera (flies, midges, mosquitos, gnats); Larva stage
Salientia (frogs, toads, peepers, tree frogs); Larva stage
Hemiptera (water bugs, water boatmen, stink bugs); Not Specified
Homoptera (cicadas, hoppers, aphids, scale insects); Not Specified
Coleoptera (beetles); Not Specified
Free-living flatworms (cestodes); Not Specified
Roundworms; Not Specified
Rotiferans; Not Specified
Copepods (Cyclops, Calanus); Not Specified
Ephemeroptera (mayflies); Not Specified
Odonata (dragonflies, damselflies); Not Specified
Molluscs; Not Specified
Bivalve molluscs; Not Specified
Snails; Not Specified
Arachnids (spiders, ticks, mites, scorpions, daddy longlegs); Not Specified
Branchiopods (Daphnia, Cladocera); Not Specified
Ostracods (Eucypris); Not Specified

Comments for larval food habits:
"Swallowable prey seems to be only selective factor. Generally fe"

References for larval food habits: 036 , 003 , 007 , 010

Juvenile Food Habits

Oligochaetes (earthworms); Not Specified
Insects Insects; Not Specified

Comments for Juvenile Food Habits:
"Swallowable prey seems to be only selective factor. Generally fe"

References Juvenile Food Habits 007

Adult Food Habits

Lepidoptera (butterflies); Larva stage
Salientia (frogs, toads, peepers, tree frogs); Larva stage
Osteichthyes (bony fishes); Not Specified
Amphibians; Not Specified
Caudata (salamanders, newts, mudpuppies, sirens); Not Specified
Terrestrial Insects; Not Specified
See comments on seasonal variation; Not Specified
Oligochaetes (earthworms); Not Specified
Snails; Not Specified
Arachnids (spiders, ticks, mites, scorpions, daddy longlegs); Not Specified
Insects Insects; Not Specified
Orthoptera (grasshoppers, crickets, mantids); Not Specified
Salientia (frogs, toads, peepers, tree frogs); Adult Stage

Comments for Adult Food Habits:
""

References Adult Food Habits 001 , 007 , 010

Niche Requirements

Egg Niche Requirements

Water depth: shallow
Inland wetlands: swamp
Inland wetlands: marsh
Inland wetlands: waterhole or temporary pool
Inland wetlands: ditch
Inland wetlands: intermittent stream - flow stops, pools remain
Inland wetlands: pond, lake, reservoir
Inland wetlands: backwaters

References for egg niches requirements: 001 , 003 , 007 , 008

Feeding Larvae Niche Requirements

General habitat association specified in comments(00270)

References for feeding larvae niche requirements: 032 , 013 , 015

Resting Larvae Niche Requirements

Successional stage: stable forest
Successional stage: stable prairie/grassland
Canopy closure (%) specified in comments(00530)

References for resting Larvae niche requirements: 013 , 015

Feeding Juvenile Niche Requirements

References for feeding juvenile niche requirements:

Resting Juvenile Niche Requirements

References for resting juvenile niche requirements:

Breeding Adult Niche Requirements

Aquatic vegetation: pondweed (Potamogeton)
Aquatic vegetation: water lily (Nymphaea)
Aquatic vegetation: bladderwort (Utricularia)
Aquatic vegetation
Floodplain wetlands: unfarmed temporary
Water depth: shallow
Inland wetlands: swamp
Inland wetlands: marsh
Inland wetlands: waterhole or temporary pool
Inland wetlands: ditch
Inland wetlands specified in comments(00250)
Inland wetlands: backwaters
Inland wetlands: fishless ponds
General habitat association specified in comments(00270)
Air temperature specified in comments(00290)

References for feeding Adult niche requirements: 032 , 001 , 003 , 007 , 008 , 011 , 028

Feeding Adult Niche Requirements

Successional stage: stable forest
Successional stage: stable prairie/grassland
Canopy closure (%) specified in comments(00530)

References for feeding adult niche requirements: 029

Resting Adult Niche Requirements

Successional stage: stable forest
Successional stage: stable prairie/grassland
Canopy closure (%) specified in comments(00530)

References for resting adult niche requirements:

Niche Requirement Summary

Air temperature specified in comments(00290)
Aquatic vegetation
Aquatic vegetation: bladderwort (Utricularia)
Aquatic vegetation: pondweed (Potamogeton)
Aquatic vegetation: water lily (Nymphaea)
Canopy closure (%) specified in comments(00530)
Floodplain wetlands: unfarmed temporary
General habitat association specified in comments(00270)
Inland wetlands specified in comments(00250)
Inland wetlands: backwaters
Inland wetlands: ditch
Inland wetlands: fishless ponds
Inland wetlands: intermittent stream - flow stops, pools remain
Inland wetlands: marsh
Inland wetlands: pond, lake, reservoir
Inland wetlands: swamp
Inland wetlands: waterhole or temporary pool
Successional stage: stable forest
Successional stage: stable prairie/grassland
Water depth: shallow

Comments about Life History:

Code Comment
008 Group courtship. *03*
004 Also wait and pounce on prey *02*
005 Forage in leaf litter *02*
007 Breed February-April in Missouri.*01*
017 Incubation:20 days to 1 mo.*07,09*
018 Clutch up to 1000 eggs.*01,03*
022 May mature the spring following transformation.*08*
024 In one study, sex ratio at breeding pond for 2 different years: 76.7:24.3 and 84.6:16.4-male:female.*07* .
030 In NY, emerged from underground refuges at night, ususally during or immediately following rainfall *28*.
031 About 72% pop. That bred in previous yr returned to breed again in IN study. Adult survival rate: 71.9%.*07* of 50 egg masses in IN study, 34.6% disappeared before hatching.*12* decreased temperatures increased developmental mortality. *12*
033 Migrate at night during autumn rains. Move to ponds where breeding occurs the following early spring. *01,08*. In NY, some migrate in spring and fall, but some did not migrate *28*.
035 Drought and predatory beetles are regulatory factors *07*. Predators include diving beetles *13*. In NY study, high predation mortality occurred in runways, probably predator was the short-tailed shrew *28*. Birds are predators to larval forms and have been impaled on fences by loggerhead shrikes *034*. The pathogenic chytrid fungus, Batrachochytrium dendrobatitis, is found infecting salamanders and can be spread to frogs *035*.
099 Terrestrial burrower except when breeding *01,03,08*. 2nd-year forms cannibalize larvae *14* and are most present in temporary ponds *036*.

Life History Information

Periodicity: active at night
Periodicity specified in comments(030)
Mortality rate specified in comments(031)
Migration patterns specified in comments(033)
Regulatory factors specified in comments(035)
Other life history information specified in comments(099)
Origin in state: native
Seasonal distribution in state: all seasons
Foraging strategy: stalking
Foraging strategy specified in comments(004)
Foraging sites: ground
Foraging sites: rocks
Foraging sites: logs
Foraging sites specified in comments(005)
Breeding season specified in comments(007)
Mating system specified in comments(008)
Spawning site: standing water
Gestation/incubation period specified in comments(017)
Clutch/litter size specified in comments(018)
Parental care of young: no care
Age at sexual maturity specified in comments(022)
Sex ratio specified in comments(024)

Comments about Life History:

Code Comment
008 Group courtship. *03*
004 Also wait and pounce on prey *02*
005 Forage in leaf litter *02*
007 Breed February-April in Missouri.*01*
017 Incubation:20 days to 1 mo.*07,09*
018 Clutch up to 1000 eggs.*01,03*
022 May mature the spring following transformation.*08*
024 In one study, sex ratio at breeding pond for 2 different years: 76.7:24.3 and 84.6:16.4-male:female.*07* .
030 In NY, emerged from underground refuges at night, ususally during or immediately following rainfall *28*.
031 About 72% pop. That bred in previous yr returned to breed again in IN study. Adult survival rate: 71.9%.*07* of 50 egg masses in IN study, 34.6% disappeared before hatching.*12* decreased temperatures increased developmental mortality. *12*
033 Migrate at night during autumn rains. Move to ponds where breeding occurs the following early spring. *01,08*. In NY, some migrate in spring and fall, but some did not migrate *28*.
035 Drought and predatory beetles are regulatory factors *07*. Predators include diving beetles *13*. In NY study, high predation mortality occurred in runways, probably predator was the short-tailed shrew *28*. Birds are predators to larval forms and have been impaled on fences by loggerhead shrikes *034*. The pathogenic chytrid fungus, Batrachochytrium dendrobatitis, is found infecting salamanders and can be spread to frogs *035*.
099 Terrestrial burrower except when breeding *01,03,08*. 2nd-year forms cannibalize larvae *14* and are most present in temporary ponds *036*.

References for life history: 035 , 036 , 034 , 001 , 002 , 003 , 007 , 008 , 009 , 011 , 012 , 013 , 014 , 028

Management

Beneficial Management Practices:

Regulate harvest of species being described
Water - develop/maintain spawning/nesting facilities
Water - develop/maintain lakes/ponds
Water - develop/maintain wetlands
Water - develop/maintain freshwater marsh
Water - develop/maintain fishless ponds
Agricultural - develop and maintain water holes, ponds, potholes, etc.
Agricultural - maintain habitat diversity
Forest - develop and maintain water holes, ponds, potholes, etc.
Forest - maintain early stage of ecological succession
Forest - maintain habitat diversity
Forest - reforestation
Grassland - develop and maintain water holes, ponds, potholes, etc.

Beneficial Management References: 002 , 021 , 022

Adverse Managment Practices:

Water - dredging and filling
Water - control water levels
Water - drainage of wetlands, marshes, ponds, lakes
Agricultural - application of herbicides
Agricultural - application of pesticides
Agricultural - application of insecticides
Forest - application of herbicides
Forest - application of pesticides
Forest - application of insecticides
Grassland - application of herbicides
Grassland - application of pesticides
Grassland - application of insecticides

Adverse Management References: 002

Comments on Management:
Fishless ponds can be less than 30' across and 3-5'deep, should be at least 150' from other impoundments. A 300-acre area should have 3-4 fishless ponds. Ponds located at forest edge benefit woodland and grassland species *21*. Constructing ephemeral pools is beneficial. Should attempt to reestablish ephemeral pools where they once existed. Possible sites can be identified using aerial photos, topographic maps, and on-site inspections. Pools should be no more than 24" deep, 10-15' across and 30-60' long, with sloping sides and some type of structure (small trees and bushes) placed in the pool. during construction, move soil perpendicular to and away from the presumed direction of water flow, so excess water will flow away. Surrounding trees should not be removed. *22*

References for Management Comments: 005 , 021 , 022

References

Reference Code Citation
001 Johnson, T.R. 2000. The Amphibians And Reptiles Of Missouri, 2nd. Ed. Missouri Dept. Of Conservation. Jefferson City, Mo. 400 Pp.
002 Unpb Johnson, Tom R. Mo. Dept. Conserv. Po Box 180. Jefferson City, Mo. 65102. 573-751-4115.
003 Collins, J.T. 1974. Amphibians And Reptiles In Kansas. Univ. Kansas Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ. Ed. Series No. 1. Lawrence, Ks. 283 Pp.
004 Thom, R.H. and J.H. Wilson. 1980 The Natural Divisions Of Missouri. Trans. Mo Acad. Sci. 14:9-24.
005 Kelly, G. (Ed.) 1986. Animal Habitat Relations Handbook. Mo Dept. Of Conservation and U.S.D.A. Forest Service. Jefferson City, Mo. 293 Pp.
006 The Wildlife Code of Missouri. Missouri Department of Conservation, P.O. Box 180, Jefferson City, MO 65102. 573-751-4115.
007 Sever, D.M. and C.F. Dineen. 1978. Reproductive Ecology Of The Tiger Salamander, Ambystoma Tigrinum In Northern Indiana. Proc. Ind. Acad. Sci. 87:189-203.
008 Bishop, S.C. 1941. The Salamanders Of New York. Ny St. Mus. Bull. No. 324. 365pp.
009 Hassinger, D.D., J.D. Anderson, And G.H. Dalrymple. 1970. The Early Life History And Ecology Of Ambystoma Tigrinum And Ambystoma Opacum In New Jersey. Am Midl Nat. 84(2):474-495.
010 Brophy, T.E. 1980. Food Habits Of Sympatric Larval Ambystoma Tigrinum And Notopthalmus Viridescens. J. Herp. 14(1):1-6.
011 Sexton, O.J. and J.R. Bizer. 1978. Life History Patterns Of Ambystoma Tigrinum In Montane Colorado. Am. Midl. Nat. 99(1):101-118.
012 Couture, M.R. and D.M. Sever. 1979. Developmental Mortality Of Ambystoma Tigrinum (Amphibia:Urodela) In Northern Indiana. Proc. In Acad. Sci. 88:173-175.
013 Holomuzki, J.R. 1986. Predator Avoidance And Diel Patterns Of Microhabitat Use By Larval Tiger Salamanders. Ecology 67:737-748.
014 Holomuski, J.R. 1986. Interspecific Predation And Habitat Use By Tiger Salamanders (Ambystoma Tigrinium Nebulosum). J. Herp. 20(3):439-441.
015 Holomuski, J.R. and J.P. Collins. 1983. Diel Movements Of Larvae Of The Tiger Salamander, Ambystoma Tigrinum Nebulosum. J. Herp. 17:276-278.
016 Missouri Herpetological Association. 1989. Missouri Herpetological Association Newsletter. No. 2.
017 Collins, J.T. (Ed.). 1990. Standard Common And Current Scientifc Names For North American Amphibians And Reptiles, 3rd Ed. Soc. For The Study Of Amphibians and Reptiles, Herp. Cir. No. 19. 41 Pp.
018 Powell, R., T.R. Johnson and D.D. Smith. 1992. New Records Of Amphibians And Reptiles In Missouri For 1992. Missouri Herp. Assoc. Newsletter 5:6-13
019 Powell, R., T.R. Johnson and D.D. Smith. 1993. New Records Of Amphibians And Reptiles In Missouri For 1993. Missouri Herp. Assoc. Newsletter 6:3-7.
020 Daniel, R.E. and B.S. Edmond. 2002. Revised county distribution maps of amphibians and reptiles of Missouri. MO Herp. Assoc. Newsletter 15:16-38.
021 Johnson, T.R. 1994. Amphibian And Reptile Management On Conservation Department Impoundments. Mo Dept. Of Conservation, Natural History Division. Jefferson City, Mo 14 Pp.
022 Doolan, R. and T.R. Johnson. 1995. Ephemeral Pools: Their Value And Construction. Mo Dept. Of Conservation. Jefferson City, Mo. 6 Pp.
023 Powell, R., T.R. Johnson and D.D. Smith. 1995. New Records Of Amphibians And Reptiles In Missouri For 1995. Mo Herp. Assoc. Newsletter (8):9-12.
024 Powell, R., T.R. Johnson and D.D. Smith. 1996. New Records Of Amphibians And Reptiles In Missouri For 1996. Missouri Herp. Assoc. Newsletter 9:9-14.
025 Powell, R., T.R. Johnson and D.D. Smith. 1997. New Records Of Amphibians And Reptiles In Missouri For 1997. Mo Herp. Assoc. Newsletter 10:8-12.
026 Unpb Missouri Department Of Conservation. Checklist Of Missouri Amphibians And Reptiles. Po Box 180. Jefferson City, Mo. 65102.
027 Daniel, R.E., B.S. Edmond and T.R. Johnson. 1998. New And Previously Unreported Records Of Amphibians And Reptiles In Missouri For 1998. Mo Herpetol. Assoc. Newsletter 11:8-17.
028 Madison, D.M. and L. Farrand, Iii. 1998. Habitat Use During Breeding And Emigration In Radio-Implanted Tiger Salamanders, Ambystoma Tigrinum. Copeia 1998(2):402-410.
029 Mierzwa, K.S. 1998. Amphibian Habitat In The Midwestern United States. Pp. 16-23 In M.J. Lannoo, Ed. Status And Conservation Of Midwestern Amphibians. Univ. Iowa Press. Iowa City. 507 Pp.
030 Unpb Mccarty, K. 2000. Missouri Dept. Of Conservation Collector's Report. Mo Dept. Of Conservation, P.O. Box 180, Jefferson City, Mo 65102. 573-751-4115.
031 Daniel, R.D. and B.S. Edmond. 2001. New And Previously Unreported Records Of Amphibians And Reptiles From Missouri For 2001. Mo Herp. Assoc. Newsletter 14:7-12.
032 Renken, R.B. and J.R. Bodie. 2001. Herpetofaunal communities of Missouri River floodplain wetlands: dynamics of prey for riverine birds and mammals. MO Dept. of Conservation P-R Project W-13-R-55(2001). Study No. 18, Job No. 2. 50 pp.
033 Crother, B.I. (Ed.). 2008. Scientific and standard English names of amphibians and reptiles of North America north of Mexico, with comments regarding confidence in our understanding (6th ed.). Society for the study of amphibians and reptiles. Herpetological Circular No. 37.
034 Jesen, J.B. 2003. Natural History Notes: Ambystoma tigrinum (Tiger Salamander) Predation. Herp. Review 34(2): 132-133.
035 Davidson, E.W., M. Parris, J.P. Collins, J.E. Longcore, A.P. Pessier, and J. Brunner. 2003. Pathogenicity and transmission of Chytridiomycosis in tiger salamanders (Ambystoma tigrinum). Copeia 2003(3): 601-607.
036 Whiteman, H.H., J.P. Sheen, E.B. Johnson, A. Van Deusen, R. Cargille, and T.W. Sacco. 2003. Heterospecific prey and trophic polyphenism in larval tiger salamanders. Copeia 2003(1): 56-67.
037 Daniel, R.E., B.S. Edmond and J.T. Briggler. 2009. New herpetological records from Missouri for 2009. MO Herp. Assoc. Newsletter 22:7-9.
038 Daniel, R.E., B.S. Edmond and J.T. Briggler. 2012. New Herpetological Distribution Records for Missouri in 2012. MO Herp. Assoc. Newsletter 25:11-15.
039 Daniel, Richard E., Brian S. Edmond and Jeffrey T. Briggler. 2019. New herpetological distribution records for Missouri in 2019. MO Herp. Assoc. Newsletter 32:8-10.
040 Daniel, Richard E., Brian S. Edmond and Jeffrey T. Briggler. 2020. New and previously unreported herpetological distribution records for Missouri in 2020. MO Herp. Assoc. Newsletter 33:3-11.
041 Briggler, Jeffrey T. and Richard E. Daniel. 2020. Addendum: previously unreported county records from the Northwest Missouri State University Herpetology Collection. MO Herp. Assoc. Newsletter 33:12-14.